STAREHE BOYS' CENTRE MINI-MOCK EXAMINATION 2001 231/1 BIOLOGY PAPER 1 THEORY 2½ HOURS NAME: __________________________________________________ SET: _______

SECTION A: (40 MARKS) Answer all the questions in this section in the spaces provided 1. Give two reasons why organisms are classified. {2 marks} i) ii) 2. If the nerve supply to the heart of a mammal is severed, the rythmic heart contraction and relaxation will still go on and the heart continues to beat. Explain why this is so. {2 marks} 3. List two features that can be used to classify the Euglena as a plant. {2 marks} i) ii) 4. Write down three differences between phloem and xylem. {2 marks} Phloem Xylem i) ii) i) ii) 5. Suggest 3 characteristics best suited to growing in an area which has sandy soil. {3 marks} a) b) c) 6. State 3 ways by which the ileum is adapted for its functions. {3 marks} a) b) c) 7. Explain what will happen if you slept in a poorly ventilated room with a burning charcoal jiko. {2 marks} 8. Name two biological significance of diffusion in animals. {2 marks} a) b) 9. The sebacious glando produce a fluid called sebum. a) What is its effect on the skin? {1 mark} b) Name the protection it gives to the skin. {1 mark} SECTION B: (40 MARKS) Answer all questions in the space provided 10(a) Draw a neat and well labelled diagram of the palisade cell. {4 marks} (b) How is it adapted for its functions. {1 mark} 11. The diagram below represents a mature bread mould. a) Name the structures P, Q, R. {1½ mark} b) What is the functions of structure P? {1 mark} c) State two differences between the reproduction in a common mould and a garden pea. {2 marks} Common mould Garden pea i) ii) i) ii) d) Write any two economic importance of moulds. {2 marks} i) ii) 12. The graph below shows heat loss and heat production in a mammal. a) At what body temperature does the body lose as much heat as it produce? {1 mark} b) Account for the relationship between heat loss and heat production above 40oC. {3 marks} c) Why were the readings for this experiment not taken at temperatures above 40oC%. {2 marks} d) How does sweating help the body to lose heat. {2 marks} 13. In bean plants the gene for tall plants (T) is dominant to that of short plants (t). a) Work out a crossing of homozygous tall and homozygous short. {3 marks} b) What are the phenotypic and genotypic ration of the cross between the offsprings of (a) above. {2 marks} c) In genetic analysis of what value is “test cross”? {1 mark} 14(a) Outline 3 factors that affect the rate of respiration in animals. {3 marks} i) ii) iii) b) What do you understand by: i) Inspiratory reserve volume. {1 mark} ii) Lung capacity. {1 mark} SECTION C: (40 MARKS) Answer question 15 (compulsory) in the spaces provided and one other question from this section. 15. In an ecological study a certain insect population and that of predators was estimated in a certain grassland area over a period of one year. Months J F M A M J J A S O N D No. of insects 80 20 12 24 200 600 120 16 10 30 180 400 No. of predators 10 8 2 4 16 30 10 4 2 2 5 20 Amount of rainfall 20 0 55 350 500 250 12 10 25 190 240 30 a) Using a common scale plot a bar chart to represent rainfall and line graph to represent population of the insects to show the relationship between rainfall and the insects population. {8 marks} b) Explain the relationship between the insect population and that of predators. {3 marks} c) Suggest what happens to the insects population during dry months. {2 marks} d) Suggest what happens to the predators population during the dry months. {2 marks} e) From this study, what is the trophic level of i) the predators. {½ mark} ii) the insects. {½ mark} iii) the grass in the study area. {½ mark} f) State the method that could have been used to estimate the population of i) predators. {½ mark} ii) insects. {½ mark} iii) grass. {½ mark} g) Suggest 2 difficulties that could been encountered in such a study. 16(a) Outline the functions of a mammalian placenta. {8 marks} (b) Using diagrams, describe the different stages of oogenesis in human beings. {12 marks} 17. With a help of a diagram explain the process involved in absorption and movement of water through the plant, from the soil to the atmosphere. {20 marks}

STAREHE BOYS' CENTRE- MINI-MOCK EXAMINATION 2001 C.R.E PAPER 2 2½ HOURS

Answer any four questions from this section 1(a) Explain the factors that helped Paul in his missionary work. {7 marks} (b) Discuss the various duties of the Apostles in the early church. {18 marks} 2(a) Describe the functions of moral values in African traditional societies. {16 marks} (b) Show ways in which the extended family in traditional African community helped in cementing marriage and minimising divorce cases. {9 marks} 3. Mr. Wambua refuses to take a certain job for which he is highly qualified and competent on the grounds that he would have to work directly under his wife. i) What Christian advice can you give him. {14 marks} ii) Assess his attitude in the light of African traditional practice. {4 marks} iii) Due to unemployment and secular reasons for work, should Mr. Wambua take up the job. {7 marks} 4. Discuss the problems experienced by modern Christians as they try to commit their lives to the service of Christ. {25 marks} 5(a) In what ways did David demonstrate his faith in God. {10 marks} (b) Give an example of a profession with professional code of ethics and show why it is necessary. {10 marks} (c) Explain the concept “Professional Ethics”. {5 marks}

STAREHE BOYS' CENTRE & SCHOOL

MTIHANI WA MINI-MOCK 2001 KIDATO CHA NNE LUGHA YA KISWAHILI MUDA: MASAA 1/2 Jibu maswali yote kutoka sehemu zote za karatasi hii. Kila sehemu ijibiwe kwenye karatasi tofauti. SEHEMU A: UFAHAMU Soma taarifa ifuatayo kisha ujibu maswali yote. Faragha ni muhimu kwa binadamu wote kwani huwa ndio wakati ambapo mtu atakuwa akitulia pekee mahali na huku akijiuliza ni mema mangapi ameyatenda siku hiyo, maovu mangapi ameyafanya, na kama siku hiyo ilikuwa ya manufaa au la. Si binadamu wote ambao wanapendelea kutumia wakati wao wa faragha kwa kupiga domo nyumbani, kustawisha mabustani yao ya maua au mimea, au hata kuchukua kitabu au magazini ya kusoma na kujifunza. Watu kama hawa huwa na fikira na mawazo mbalimbali juu ya umuhimu na thamani ya wakati wa faragha. Watu kama hao utawakuta wakikusanyika katika makundi makundi kwa matarajio ya kujinufaisha kwa mapato fulani au kujiingiza katika upigaji wa kamari. Wengine hunufaika wakasifu mafanikio yao ya siku ya mkusanyiko; na baadhi yao ambao hufanywa mhanga wa michezo hii huibuka huku wakilaani na kuapiza bahati zao mbaya. Kuna kundi jingine ambalo hustahabu katika vilabu vya usiku kwa kujiliwaza au kujitumbuiza ili wapate kujituliza mawazo yao, wakayatafuta makali na kileo. Mwanzo wa ushirika kama huu huwa mzuri. Watu huongea na kutoleana mawaidha yenye muafaka kiungwana kabisa. Lakini mara tu baada ya kuyakata makali haya kwa muda hivi, washiriki wake hupumbazwa na huanza kuyakata matindi mithili komba mpaka kiasi cha kubwata na kububujika maneno ovyo ovyo na hatimaye kupoteleza mbali fahamu. Ndipo kurukwa kwa akili na kuaza zahama zenye kuonyesha utoto badala ya utu uzima. Kadiri makali hayo yanavyosifiwa kwa kuiva kwake, ndivyo wafuasi na mashabiki wake huyatumia kwa wingi na hata ‘kuyaabudu’, huyabugia bila kujali uzito au wepesi wa mifuko yao. Na iwapo ndio kwanza wapokee mabunda yao, hakuna la kutia kikomo tafrija hizo. Ila uzito wa matendo yao ya kibadhirifu hujitokeza baada ya kurudi nyumbani, kulala fo fo fo na wazindukanapo siku ya pili yake ndipo wagundue jinsi walivyo taabani. Mtindo wa matumizi ya faragha hutokea tangu mwanzo wa mazingira ya mtu; hivyo tangu utoto wake, tabia njema na zipasazo huhitajiwa kufunzwa. Sehemu kubwa ya mafunzo haya muhimu hutokana na malezi ya nyumbani chini ya uongozi wa mama na baba. Kama wasemavyo wahenga, mtoto akuavyo ndivyo alivyolelewa. Na lau mama mtu awe nyoka, hapana budi kuwa mwana naye atainukia kustahabu ‘unyoka’ wa mama yake. Hivyo ni wajibu wa wazazi kujenga mazingira yanayofaa kwa vizazi vya kesho kwa kuelekezwa namna ya kutumia faragha na kuonyesha manufaa yake. Ingewezekana, himizo kubwa lingesisitizwa katika mrekebisho wa tabia za wazazi kuwezesha watoto kuiga mtindo au mitindo ya maisha yanayofaa. Kielelezo chema ni kuwa na mzazi mwenye tabia njema kwa mtoto wake, rafiki zake na kwa jamii yake. Maswali a) Kwa maneno matatu andika kichwa cha habari hii. {alama 2} b) Nyakati za faragha kulingana na kifungu hiki ni zipi. {alama 4} c) Kwa nini binadamu huhitaji wakati wa faragha maishani? {alama 3} d) Eleza jinsi tabia ya mtoto iwezavyo kulelewa katika hali ya kutambua matumizi mema ya faragha. {alama 4} e) Faragha ya watu wengine ni kushiriki mambo ya upotofu. Kwa kifupi eleza watu kama hao wanavyoharibu wakati wao wa faragha. {alama 3} f) Eleza maana ya maneno haya: {alama 4} i) kujiliwaza ii) kuyataka matindi iii) mrekebisho wa tabia iv) kupiga domo SEHEMU B: UFUPISHO Soma taarifa ifuatayo na kisha ujibu maswali yote yatakayofuatia. Makao ya mahali fulani huanzishwa na watu wachache. Inaweza hata ikawa ni mtu au familia au watu wa ukoo mmoja au marafiki ambao hugundua uzuri wa pahali fulani na kutaka kuhamia hapo ili waweze kufaidi uzuri wa makazi yao mapya. Yapo mambo mengi yanayoweza kuvutia watu kuchagua mahali kuwa kama makao yao. Vile vile zipo sababu nyingi zinazofanya watu kuyaacha yao ya zamani na kuhamia makao mapya. Pahali panaweza kuchaguliwa iwapo pana hewa safi, maji safi, hapana magonjwa yadhuruyo afya za wanadamu na mifugo yao na iwapo mahali penyewe pana amani itakayomsaidia mwanadamu kujiendeleza bila matatizo yo yote. Pia mahali hupendwa iwapo pana rutuba nzuri itakayowawezesha watu kupata mavuno mengi na palipo na majani mengi ya kulishia mifugo hasa wale wafugaji wa wanyama. Waanzilishi wa makao fulani wanapozidi kuonyesha faida ya mahali hapo hupakuza na kuvutia wengine. Baadhi ya watu, na ndio wengi, huhamia mahali ambapo tayari makao huwa yameanzishwa na bado panavutia kwa sababu pana huduma fulani fulani. Kwa mfano iwapo kuna njia za usafiri zinazoweza kurahisisha shughuli za mwanadamu ama kuna uwezekano wa kuanzisha usafiri hadi njia kuu basi wageni watavutika nazo. Watu wanapochagua makao, hawaangalii utimizaji wa matakwa yao ya muda tu, bali huangalia ni kwa vipi mahali hapo patawafaa wao na vizazi vyao maishani mwao. Sifa za mahali zinazovutia ni zile za kudumu na wala sio za muda tu. Watu wanaweza kuamua na kwenda mahali pengine iwapo pale wanapokaa hapana amani, hapawapatii mahitaji yao ya lazima, panawakera kwa njia fulani au labda hapatoshi na wanataka kupata mashamba makubwa mahali fulani. Wengine huhama kwa sababu wanatafuta mahali patakapowapatia kazi ama patakapowapa nafasi ya kujiendeleza kwa urahisi kama kujiendeleza kibiashara. Wachache huvutiwa tu na raha na anasa za mahali na kutaka kujihusisha na anasa hizo. Wengine huvutiwa na huduma nyingi zinazotolewa na wakazi wa mahali hapo. Tukichunguza tutaona kuwa miji mingi ilianzishwa kwa njia moja kati ya hizo au hata zinaweza kuwa sababu nyingi zaidi ya moja. Hata hivyo miji mingi, hasa katika Afrika ya mashariki, pamoja na kuwa waanzilishi wa makao walipendezwa na sababu zilizotajwa hapo juu awali ilianzishwa kwa sababu ya vituo vya reli kabla ya kuchagua makao. Wajenzi wa reli walipokuwa wakijenga walipumzika katika vituo kadhaa baada ya kuridhishwa na usalama na uzuri wa mahali hapo. Pia baadaye walijenga vituo vingine vya wafanyakazi wa reli ambavyo navyo vilikuwa kila miaka ilivyozidi kuendelea. Kabla ya ujenzi wa reli, vituo vingi vilianzishwa kwa ajili ya biashara ya watumwa na biashara ya pembe za ndovu. Vituo vingine vilianzishwa kama mahali pa kupumzikia baada ya safari ndefu za milolongo ya watumwa au misafara ya wafanyi biashara wa pembe za ndovu. Miji mingi ilianza kwa kibanda kisha vibanda, kisha kitongoji na kukua kuwa kijiji, kisha kuwa miji.’ Jinsi watu wanavyozidi kumiminikia mahali fulani ndivyo huduma kama shule, vituo vya afya, masoko, vituo vya posta, simu, umeme, vituo vya starehe, barabara za mitaa, zinavyohitajika. Baada ya mambo haya kuanzishwa, huwa na haja kubwa ya kuwa na usalama na kwa hivyo kuwepo kwa vituo vya utawala na hata vya polisi na mahakama ni lazima. Mahali pakishapata huduma zote hizi, huvutia watu wengi na watu wengi humiminikia huko kutafuta kazi. Mitaji mingi na viwanda vingi vidogo vidogo na hata vikubwa huanzishwa kwani wanunuzi na hata wafanyakazi hupatikana kwa urahisi. Shughuli zikizidi, mji hupanuka, majumba makubwa makubwa hujengwa ili kuendesha shughuli fulani fulani. Mji ukikua sana huwa jiji. Zipo faida chungu nzima zinazopatikana miji ikikua na hayo ndiyo maendeleo, lakini zipo pia hasara zake. Hakuna kizuri kikosacho kasoro. Miji inavyozidi kukua, itafaa na mkazo pia utiliwe mashambani na kwa kufanya hivyo, nchi itaendelea kwa kasi zaidi. Maswali a) Ni mambo gani ambayo huwafanya watu kuhamia au kukaa mahali fulani? (Maneno 30) {alama 7} b) Je, ni mambo gani yawafanyayo watu kuhama? (Maneno 20) {alama 4} c) Kwa maneno 40, fupisha aya mbili za mwisho. {alama 7} SEHEMU C MATUMIZI YA LUGHA a) Andika vivumishi viwili vya pekee na ueleze matumizi ya kila kivumishi. {alama 4} b) Andika sentensi zifuatazo katika wingi: {alama 4} i) Shati safi limenunuliwa katika mji safi. ii) Mtume ameuziwa merikebu iliyo kwenye ziwa. c) Andika kinyume cha maneno yafuatayo: {alama 3} i) sifu ii) songa iii) bandika d) Andika katika wakati ujao hali timilifu. {alama 1} Mtihani wa mwigo wa KCSE utafanywa muhula ujao. e) Andika sentensi tatu ukionyesha matumizi mbalimbali ya ‘ni’. {alama 3} f) i) Kanusha sentensi hii: {alama 1} Ningesoma kwa bidii ningefaulu katika mtihani huu. ii) Jaza mapengo Fura kama _______________________________________ {alama 1} Safi kama ________________________________________ {alama 1} g) Eleza kazi ya watu wafuatao: {alama 2} i) Mtarijumani ii) somo h) Unda majina mawili kwa kila kitenzi: {alama 4} i) Tumika ii) Zaa i) Kamilisha methali: i) Mzaha mzaha _________________________________ {alama 1} ii) Kila likuepukalo mja ___________________________ {alama 1} j) Tumia tanakali za sauti zifuatazo katika sentensi kudhihirisha maana. {alama 4} i) Papatika papatu papatu. ii) Batana batabata. k) Eleza maana ya semi zifuatazo: {alama 4} i) Mtu wa kauleni ii) chokoa maneno l) Ziandike sentensi zifuatazo upya kulingana na maagizo. i) Yeye hatutembelei ila kwa nadra Anza: Si aghlabu ______________________________ {alama 1} ii) Mbona unanisaili hivyo kama wewe ni askari polisi na mimi ni mwizi? (Tumia neno ‘maswali’ badala ya ‘unanisaili’) {alama 1} iii) Baada ya kuomba nafasi katika kidato cha kwanza na kuupasi mtihani wa KCPE vizuri, Munzaa alijiunga na shule hiyo. {alama 1} Anza: Kabla ___________________________________ m) Tumia viunganishi katika mabano kuunganisha sentensi ulizopewa. i) Leo hajaja kazini. Jana pia hakuja. (wala) {alama 1} ii) Sijui anakoishi. Ningekwenda kumwangalia. (lau